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Sarojini Naidu (1879 - 1949)
On 13 February 1879, the ‘Nightingale of India’ Sarojini Naidu was born and her birth anniversary is observed as ‘National Women’s Day’ in India
Her father was a doctorate from Edinburgh University and her mother was a poet of the Bengali language.
Naidu was educated at Madras, London and Cambridge.
She was drawn towards the freedom movement after the partition of Bengal in 1905.
Between 1915 and 1918, she travelled the length and breadth of the country giving lectures on nationalism, women empowerment and social welfare.
In 1917, she helped found the Women’s Indian Association which was involved in the field of women’s suffrage.
In 1925, she was chosen President of the Indian National Congress at its Kanpur session, the first Indian woman to hold that post.
She worked for the rehabilitation of affected people during the plague epidemic in India, and was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal by the British government.
She participated in the Second Round Table Conference in 1931.
Naidu, who was an avid follower of Mahatma Gandhi took part in the civil disobedience movement, the Quit India movement, and other Satyagrahas.
She travelled to Europe and the USA and spread awareness about Gandhi’s principles and ideals about non-violence and peace.
After independence, she became the first governor of the United Provinces and was in office from 15 August 1947 till her death in 1949.
Naidu passed away on 2 March 1949 due to a cardiac arrest at Lucknow.
Famous English writer Aldous Huxley had written, “If all Indian politicians are like Mrs. Naidu, then the country is fortunate indeed.”
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