NCERT notes ( Study Material ) on important topics for the UPSC civil services exam. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like, UPSC Civil Services, State Civil Services exams, AFCAT, CDS, NDA, SSC and so on. Check Other NCERT Notes Here
THE HIGH COURTS IN INDIA
Article 214 of the Constitution of India states that each state of India shall have a High Court. The Parliament can, establish by law, under Article 231, a common High Court for one or more State(s) & one or more Union Territory. The High Court is the head of judiciary in a state. It is the final interpreter of the constitution.
Each High Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and such other judges appointed by the President of India after consulting the Chief Justice of India. There is no fixed minimum number of judges for the High Courts.
TENURE & QUALIFICATIONS TO BE APPOINTED AS A JUDGE OF A HIGH COURT
A citizen of India who has been for at least 10 years an advocate of one or of two or more High Court, or
Must have held a judicial office in territory of India for atleast 10 years is fit to be appointed as the Judge of the High Court.
According to the 15th amendment of the Indian Constitution, Retirement age is 62 years.
Any dispute regarding the age of judge of High Court is decided by President in consultation with Chief Justice of India.
The President has the power to appoint Additional Judges for a temporary period, not exceeding two years.
REMOVAL OF HIGH COURT JUDGES
High Court judge can resign by writing to President; or by same removal process as in case of Supreme Court judges
JURISDICTION OF HIGH COURT
Original Jurisdiction : In civil cases with amount greater than Rs 2000, and in criminal cases, authorised to them by President Magistrates.
Appellate Jurisdiction : High Courts entertain appeals in civil and criminal cases from their subordinate courts. They have, however, no jurisdiction over tribunals established by the law relating to armed forces of the country.
Writ Jurisdiction : Supreme Court can issue Writs only where a Fundamental Right has been infringed whereas a High Court can issue them, not only in such cases but also where an ordinary legal right has been infringed.
LIST OF HIGH COURTS IN INDIA
Here we are giving the list of independent and common high courts, with the establishment year and jurisdiction areas. This will enhance your AFCAT CDS NDA UPSC & SSC exam preparation. Please rotate your screen to view this table of List of important High Courts in India
YEAR
|
JURISDICTION
|
NAME
|
1862
|
Maharashtra, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Goa, Daman Diu
|
Bombay
|
1862
|
West Bengal, Andaman & Nicobar islands
|
Kolkata
|
1862
|
Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry
|
Madras
|
1866
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
Allahabad
|
1884
|
Karnataka
|
Karnataka
|
1916
|
Bihar
|
Patna
|
1928
|
Jammu and Kashmir
|
Jammu and Kashmir
|
1948
|
Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh
|
Guwahati
|
1949
|
Orissa
|
Orissa
|
1949
|
Rajasthan
|
Rajasthan
|
1956
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
1958
|
Kerala, Lakshadweep
|
Kerala
|
1960
|
Gujarat
|
Gujarat
|
1966
|
Delhi
|
Delhi
|
1971
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
1975
|
Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh
|
Haryana, Punjab
|
1975
|
Sikkim
|
Sikkim
|
2000
|
Chattisgarh
|
Chattisgarh
|
2000
|
Uttarakhand
|
Uttarakhand
|
2000
|
Jharkhand
|
Jharkhand
|
2013
|
Tripura
|
Tripura
|
2013
|
Manipur
|
Manipur
|
2013
|
Meghalaya
|
Meghalaya
|
2019
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
2019
|
Telangana
|
Telangana
|
High Court frames rules and regulations for transactions of their business. It acts as court of records and has power to punish its own contempt.
A Judge of one High Court can be transferred to any other High Court by the President of India in consultation with the Chief Justice of India.
