NCERT notes ( Study Material ) on important topics for the CDS, NDA, AFCAT written exam. These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like, UPSC Civil Services, State Civil Services exams, Bank PO, SSC and so on. ( Check Other NCERT Notes Here )
India is a vast South Asian country with diverse terrain – from Himalayan peaks to Indian Ocean coastline. It is the second most populated country in the world, and is home to over 1.2 billion people. Its capital city is New Delhi which is the second most populous city in India according to 2011 census data. In 1991, India adopted a market based economy and has since become one of the fastest growing economies in the world.
Below is the list of facts from the geography of India that are very important for AFCAT CDS NDA Bank SSC Railway etc written exams. You can expect direct questions in GK of AFCAT CDS or NDA from these facts about India in your coming exam or personal interview.
PHYSICAL INDIAN GEOGRAPHY FACTS FOR AFCAT CDS NDA UPSC EXAMS
- Total area of India is 32,87,263 km², which is 0.57% of total area of Earth and 2.42% of total area of land in Earth.
- India's is the seventh largest country by area in the world.
- India is located between 37°6’N & 8°4’N (North to South) and 97°25’E & 68°7’E (East to West).
- The North-South extent of India is 3214 km and East-West extent is 2933 km.
- Uttarakhand is the only State of India which is partly in plains and partly in the Himalaya.
- The highest point of India is Mount K2/Godwin Austen (now in POK) whereas the highest point in the Indian administered land is Kanchenjunga (8598 m) in Sikkim.
- The lowest point of India is Kuttanad, located in Alappuzha district of Kerala.
- The northernmost point on India's mainland is Indira Col (Kashmir), the southernmost is Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu), the easternmost is Kibithu (Arunachal Pradesh) and the westernmost is Gauhar Moti (Rann Of Kutch, Gujarat).
- Pygmalion Point or Indira Point is the southernmost point (Andaman & Nicobar Island) outside the Indian mainland.
- States through which Tropic of Cancer (23½°N) passes are (West to East) - Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.
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- Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand is the closest capital city to Tropic of Cancer (23½°N) in India.
- The names of 9 States in India that have coastal boundaries of 6100km are : Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal.
- Gujarat has the largest Coastal boundary in India.
- Gujarat and West Bengal are the only States which have coastal boundary as well as International boundary.
- India shares common boundary of 15200 km with these 7 neighboring countries (Descending order) : Bangladesh, China, Pakistan, Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan & Afghanistan.
- Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Telangana are the only States in India which neither have coastal nor international boundary.
- The Standard Meridian of India is 82½°N which passes through Naini, Allahabad.
- India is 5hr 30min ahead of Greenwich Line (0° Meridian). Both India and Sri Lanka share same time zone.
- Assam and Uttar Pradesh has maximum number of National and International boundaries. Both have 9 National + International boundaries each.
- Nagpur is the central point or Zero Mile center of India.
OTHER PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY FACTS IMPORTANT FOR AFCAT CDS NDA UPSC EXAMS
- Sonbhadra is the only district of Uttar Pradesh in India which is surrounded by 4 States namely Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar.
- River Cauvery thrice separates into two streams and reunites after traveling a few miles, forming the islands of Srirangapatna, Shivanasamudra and Srirangam.
- Loktak Lake, located in Manipur, is the largest freshwater lake in Eastern India and is famous for the phumdis floating over it.
- The Keibul Lamjao National Park is a national park in Manipur. It is the only floating national park in the world. Keibul Lamjao is also known as Phumdi in local language.
- Sagar is the biggest island of the Sundarbans archipelago, which is home to almost 2 lakh people.
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The above listed facts about India are very important from exam point of view, as many a times direct questions have been asked in the competitive written examinations like AFCAT CDS NDA Bank SSC Railway etc. You should be prepared with these important facts as many interview questions that are intended to check the basic knowledge of a candidate about India are from these facts.
